The state of medical science in the country is determined by the state policy in the field of science in general, the needs of society, formed under the influence of demographic trends, population health and national healthcare, the level of socio-economic development of the state, its scientific, technical and educational potential, etc.

In turn, the development of medical science has an impact on improving the socio – economic level of the state not only through the advancement of new ideas, advice and development, but also by improving the health of the population of the country, its human resources, improving the human development index of the country. It should be noted, however, that the effect of the implementation of scientific developments in the field of medicine can have a lag (delayed) for a generation. Any containment of the process of obtaining new knowledge for purely economic reasons, because of a lack of funds sooner or later, may adversely affect the performance of economic development of the country, but the imbalance in the distribution of financial resources between research and the ongoing development of healthcare in terms of development of its material and technical base (hospital construction) and improving the quality of health services, with a leaning towards R&D funding especially fundamental, may have a negative effect on the current state of the healthcare system, especially if the limited budgetary resources allocated to the health sector.

For remote areas, for example, much more important is than the presence of a sufficient number of hospitals and hospital beds than an expert on nanotechnology in medicine.

According to various reports, the U.S. healthcare system based on voluntary medical insurance of the majority of the population and the use of market mechanisms in the financing and management of healthcare, is less effective than in the EU. Market mechanisms in the financing of health care lead to uncontrolled growth of healthcare costs, reduce its availability to the general population (16% uninsured) and the disintegration process of patient care.

According to research by the WHO, the United States has the most stable medical system capable of rapid response to changing conditions. Moreover, America is a leader in privacy and respectful attitude to patients on the timeliness of care and patient satisfaction.

Although the United States took only 37th place on the level of care and the 72nd in the general level of health, and are at the 41 th place in the world in terms of infant mortality rate (the worst rate among developed countries) and on the 45th – at lifetime. Despite the impressive achievements of American healthcare and medical services to millions of Americans they are not available, because of the extreme value growth.

Meanwhile, according to the G-Finder, only about 8 % of the total R&D funding currently comes from development agencies. Significantly greater funding comes from other government departments and the Medical Research Council, as well as industry organizations and foundations. That is why there is a need to separate the issue structurally from development assistance. This problem does not lie so much in the area of responsibility of the structures of development aid or donor, but rather a challenge to countries, both developed and developing, to find by a variety of ways available to them appropriate ways of investing in R&D in the field of public health.

In the U.S., there are many different foundations, institutions and organizations to support research in the field of medicine. However, most of them are small-town character and are closed on addressing a specific county, district or state, is often limited to the decision of a purely humanitarian objectives. There are only a few organizations, really big and having a significant means and contacts with major research centers.

It would be more rational to develop a system of tax incentives for pharmaceutical companies involved or revealing a desire to carry out scientific research in priority areas, such as oncology, cardiology and angiology, neurology, endocrinology , pediatrics, psychiatry and addiction, immunology, as well as promising innovative directions of systems biology, nanobiotechnology, cellular technologies.

One of the main reasons of not always of high performance biomedical science is its fragmentation, which is, on the one hand, in the absence of common priorities, on the other – in the plural replication of sector-specific and local laboratory work, repetition of the same research. Thus, more natural and appropriate the role of the state could be represented as a facilitator rather than a source of funding for medical research. Can be created, for example, an inter-ministerial council on medical science, which will include representatives of the federal bodies of executive power, of the state academies of sciences and research and educational institutions, as well as pharmaceutical companies.

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