Analyze the ontological, axiological, epistemological, and methodological tenets or assumptions following two epistemological paradigms.

postpositivism and postmodernism. Assess the challenges and strengths of postpositivism and postmodernism before shaping practice and research

QUESTION 1 (I NEED 3 REFERENCES FOR THIS QUESTION)

Analyze the ontological, axiological, epistemological, and methodological tenets or assumptions following two epistemological paradigms: postpositivism and postmodernism. Assess the challenges and strengths of postpositivism and postmodernism before shaping practice and research. Integrate this unit’s readings into your analysis and cite your sources using APA formatting guidelines.

QUESTION 2 (I NEED 3 REFERENCES FOR THIS QUESTION)

For this paper, consider the following scenario:

You are a member of a research team that relies on a postmodernist lens. The research team is interested in submitting a research proposal to study how parents adjust to a pregnancy in an adolescent daughter. In its first meeting, the team is discussing the following topics:

Their philosophical assumptions as researchers.
Their roles as researchers.
Possible methodologies to study the topic.

However, the members are concerned that their postmodernist perspectives will be controversial, and they want to anticipate any challenges by potential logical positivistic researchers.

Present an evaluation of the research team’s position on their philosophical assumptions as researchers, their roles as researchers, and potential methodologies for the study of parental adjustment to pregnancy in adolescent daughters

Postpositivism and Postmodernism

INTRODUCTION

The previous unit examined logical positivism. The fundamental notion of logical positivism and empiricism is that knowledge comes from experiences, which can then be viewed as an absolute. This absolute can be measured. Empiricism dominated much of the physical sciences in the 19th century. However, throughout the 20th century, a new epistemological knowledge emerged, challenging the tenets of logical positivism.

The postpositivist era argued that the social science phenomena cannot be studied using natural science models and that the dichotomy between objective reality and subjective experiences is not as sharply defined as the logical positivists maintained. For example, where do value orientations and moral or political values enter in the research process? Postpositivists argue that it is impossible to detach from one’s values when conducting research—the researcher’s values inevitably influence topic selection for investigation and the interpretation of the data.

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