Summary:

This week, you will submit the final draft of your course essay. You have already submitted a draft of your thesis, works cited page and outline This is the final draft of the essay itself with the cover page and works cited included. To recap..

This term, you will write an essay over an assigned topic. This essay is designed to assess your research, writing, argumentative, and citation skills. For this assignment, you will use the skills you learned in this course about paraphrasing, citation, and documentation, as well as skills in writing and argumentation that you have learned in courses both in college and high school. The assignment will be due at the end of week seven. However, you will also be required to turn in prep assignments relating to the essay throughout the term. Those will include a list of your sources, a thesis, and an outline of your essay.

Here are the details of the assignment at the topic:

Topic: Have the laws and regulations passed as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 been helpful or hurtful to American society?

Guidelines:

• Your essay should be written in APA format.
• Your essay should be a minimum of 3-4 pages of content. This excludes the required cover page for APA style and Works Cited page.
• Your essay should have an appropriate APA style cover page and Works Cited page.
• Your essay should include at least four sources. Three of those should be articles from our GMC databases and one should be your textbook for the course. You may include others, but these are a minimum requirement and must be included to receive proper credit.
• Your essay MUST INCLUDE IN-TEXT CITATIONS for information you pulled from your sources that is both quoted and paraphrased.
• Your essay should contain no more than three direct quotes. The rest should be paraphrased and your own interpretations based on the sources.
• Your essay should be free from grammar and typing errors.
• Your essay should be run through www.paperrater.com to check it for plagiarism.
• Your essay will be graded with the grading rubric provided.

Topic: Have the laws and regulations passed as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 been helpful or hurtful to American society?

Thesis Statement

A amazing transformation in America immigration law and policy has taken place since the September 11 attacks; The rules and protocols passed as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 have been supportive to the American society in that it has brought about an emphasis on home security, engaging security officers in adapting their roles and tasks to meet the aims of war on terrorism.

OUTLINE:

Tactics to Curb Terrorism

Terrorism has continued to cause instability in many countries and it is the high time globally, countries united to fight against terrorism. Due to the advancement of technology, the world has become a global village, but terrorism seems to be causing instability in the global village coexistence. With each passing day and adoption of laws and regulations to fight terrorism, terrorists have upped their game by designing more advanced and sophisticated methods. The attack on the twin towers in America on September 11, 2001, changed the views and tactics used to address terrorism. This change involved new laws and regulations related to immigration and foreign policies. Therefore, amazing transformation in America immigration law and policy has taken place since the September 11 attacks; The rules and protocols passed as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, have been supportive to the American society in that it has brought about an emphasis on home security, engaging security officers in adapting their roles and tasks to meet the aims of war on terrorism.

• 1867 is termed an important year in relation development of tactics used in war. During this year, dynamite was invented, and this resulted in the awful spectacle of explosives that have been used to mass destruction. The means and methods used by the attacker, the effect of an attack cause social and political upheaval.
• After the 2001 attack in America, the U.S. government quickly gathered the best investigative officers and tried to explore the motives and causes of the attack so as to bring the culprits to book.
• The strategies adopted by the Bush Administration immediately after the attack have technically reduced similar attacks and strengthen the military forces in American
• In conclusion, terrorism has continued to cause instability in many countries and it is the high time globally, countries united to fight against terrorism. When America Twin Towers was attacked, the country had to act fast and improve its security loopholes. As a result, amazing transformation in America immigration law and policy were adopted. The Bush administration further designed strategies to fight terrorism using three main pillars that relied heavily on defense, pre-emption, and homeland security. Therefore, terrorism is a global issue that if not reduced can result in catastrophic damages to the human race and instill fear in people.

• Terrorism on American soil did not start with the Twin Tower attack that occurred in 2001.
• Terrorism is a form of attack with the main idea of creating fear that is intended to intimidate the population and government that is rooted in religious and ideological differences.
• There have been many forms of attacks that have been adopted by terrorist to commit their heinous activities against innocent citizens.

• In the aftermath of the attack, American ideology had changed and realized that their old-fashioned tactics used to protect its citizens needed to be reexamined and stringent measures had to be adopted.
• Economic and Military sanctions were adopted to fight against countries that were believed to harbor terrorist. In addition, global surveillance and intelligence sharing was a key strategy incorporated by the Bush administration.
• The attack saw the rise of a new era in relation to US foreign policy. The country adopted various laws and regulations that targeted to uproot terrorism within American soils.
• Immigration policy was changed and later in 2002, the Congress passed the Homeland Security Act. In addition, male foreign citizens living in America were required to register themselves with the Immigration and Naturalization services.

• Osama bin Laden was a person of interest for the U.S. government and a month after the attack, America began a war in Afghanistan through aerial bombing to target Taliban and Al-Qaeda camps.
• The country shifted its attention towards fighting terrorism that addressed various security issues through pillars designed by Bush administrations. The pillars were instrumental components of foreign policy. The pillars include missile defense, pre-emption, and homeland security.

References

Birkland, T. A. An Introduction to the Policy Process: Theories, Concepts, and Models of Public Policy Making. Routledge, 2015. Book.

Heymann, P. B. “Civil Liberties and Human Rights in the Aftermath of September 11.” Harv. JL and Pub. Pol’y (2001).

Miller, T. A. “Blurring the Boundaries Between Immigration and Crime Control After September 11th.” BC Third World LJ (2005).

Bibliography

Heymann, P. B. (2001). Civil liberties and human rights in the aftermath of September 11. Harv. JL & Pub. Pol’y, 25, 441.

This is a secondary source. The author has his main focus on the concern that deals with the tension between liberty and security when it comes to dealing with terrorism and how it has centered on the antiterrorism bill hence coming up with the USA PATRIOT ACT.From this source too, issues of discretion that involve any issue to do with life and death or even torture and detention without trial are brought out clearly. The author also focusses on critical tradeoff for the people living in the United States following the events of September 11 as not being those who the right of an American to be free.

Birkland, T. A. (2015). An introduction to the policy process: Theories, concepts, and models of public policy making. Routledge.

This is among the commonly found books that deals on matters on policy research and any related theory. The author here clearly explains the general concept and any model that is made up of clear data and a case study of any nature within this field. Birkland uniquely connected conceptional and theoretical puzzles with current policy problems. Through this, he builds a bridge between theory and its application. This book also puts its readers in a room to independently think on the policy process.

Miller, T. A. (2005). Blurring the boundaries between immigration and crime control after September 11th. BC Third World LJ, 25, 81.

This is another secondary source. In as much as high criminalization of immigration law has not been reviewed in detailed, social control dimension has also not been studied well. This article therefore ties to remedy this by determining how immigration law and criminal punishment relates. It demonstrates how war on terror has brought out the social function that pervaded immigration law even after the unfortunate incident of September 11.

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