DESCRIBE THREE ASPECTS OF THE IDEA OF EQUILIBRIUM FROM A PYTHAGOREAN’S PERSPECTIVE, IN TERMS OF UNDERSTANDING HUMAN NATURE?

Describe three aspects of the idea of equilibrium from a Pythagorean’s
perspective, in terms of understanding human nature?

Section A: (60 Marks)
Answer ALL questions.
A1a. Who is often referred to as the first philosopher and why was he so important in
early history.
(5 marks)
A1b. Describe three aspects of the idea of equilibrium from a Pythagorean’s
perspective, in terms of understanding human nature?
(10 marks)
A1c. State two opinions on how early philosophy set the path in our quest to
understand human nature?
(5 marks)
A2a. Plato and Aristotle disagreed on the view of how humans seek knowledge.
Provide two differences. State who you agree with and why?
(5 marks)
A2b. Protagoras (ca. 548-410 B.C.), a sophist, made the statement – “Man is the
measure of all things – of the things that are, that they are, and of things that are
not, that they are not.” Succinctly elaborate on your understanding of this
statement in regards to perception.
(10 marks)
A2c. Why are early philosophers important to psychology? Provide four points
(5 marks)
A3a. Who coined the terms ‘passive mind’ and ‘active mind’, and define the terms
(5 marks)
A3b. Identify the two methods of attaining knowledge that assume the existence of a
passive mind and an active mind. Briefly provide two explanations of the
difference between these two methods of obtaining knowledge.
(10 marks)
A3c. Name the two main functions of scientific theory according to Hergenhahn (2006)
and provide two examples that describe the role of rationalism and empiricism in
the development of scientific theories.
(5 marks)
3
Section B: Essay Questions (40 marks)
Answer ONE of THREE essay questions.
B1. Discuss the importance of studying the history of psychology
B2. The issue of freewill is related to the concepts of determinism and
non-determinism of behaviours in psychology. Comment on this issue by
using ideas and examples of philosophers, scientists, and psychologists
discussed in this course. What implications do these two views have on
psychology as a science?
B3. Describe the early explanations for mental illness and their suggested
treatments. In your opinion, between the psychological model and the medical
model of mental illness, which is the best model to treat mental illness and
why?

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