Treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) by using monoclonal antibodies (Mab Thera – Rituximab)
Definition of Monoclonal Antibodies and Mab Thera (Rituximab)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb/moAb) refer to antibodies that have been produced using a single clone of cells; therefore, monoclonal antibodies comprises of a single pure type of antibody, this implies that mAb are monospecific antibodies comprising of identical immune cells made from the clones of a distinctive parent cell. According to Beck et al. (2010), monoclonal antibodies can be produced in large quantities in the lab and are the foundation of immunology since their use as therapeutic agents is increasing.

Mab Thera (Rituximab) refers to a chimeric monoclonal antibody that works against the antigen CD20, which is mainly found in the B cells. Mab Thera functions by destroying the B cells; therefore, it plays an instrumental role in the treatment of diseases typified by excessive, overactive or dysfunctional B cells such as autoimmune disorders, transplant rejection, leukemias and lymphomas. The mechanism for Mab Thera involves the antibody binding to CD20 (Scott 1998).

Definition of non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL)

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma refers to a cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is a disease-fighting network located in the entire human body. In NHL, cancer tumours originate from the lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cells. Vlasek & Ionescu (2008) define NHL as a diverse category of blood cancers including any type of lymphoma with the exception of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. The various types of NHL differ substantially in terms of severity and aggressiveness. NHL is more prevalent that the other lymphoma, the Hodgkin Lymphoma. There are a number of subcategories of NHL with the most common subtype being the follicular lymphoma and the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The various treatment combinations for NHL include the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, radiation, immunotherapy, monoclonal antibodies and chemotherapy (Edwards et al. 2004).

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